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Recent Industrial Hygiene & Safety Projects
Hygieneering's Industrial Hygiene and Safety Services have promoted a safe and healthy workplace for our clients spanning many industries. Read about these projects to get an idea of how Hygieneering, Inc. can help your work place.
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Ambient Air Monitoring
Hygieneering conducts property line nuisance dust assessment for clients to evaluate ambient dust concentrations leaving their property. Sampling is focused on single sources, as snapshots of contaminant concentrations are collected over several short (24-hour) periods of time. The particulate matter (PM) data collected from these studies are compared to the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) established by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). Under the Clean Air Act, the USEPA established NAAQS for conventional pollutants, including particulate matter (PM). The NAAQS includes both primary and secondary standards for PM, such as 35 ug/m3 (24-hour) for PM 2.5 and 150 ug/m3 (24-hour) for PM 10. Primary NAAQS are health-based standards intended to “provide public health protection, including protecting the health of “sensitive” populations such as asthmatics, children, and the elderly. Secondary standards provide public welfare protection, including protection against decreased visibility and damage to animals, crops, vegetation, and buildings.” (US EPA, 2018a) The NAAQS standards were developed to assist in evaluating air quality on a regional basis and were not intended for single source emission limited for properties. However, there are no quantitative PM limits that are directly applicable to these data. Therefore, NAAQS levels are used only for reference or benchmark comparisons to assist in site recommendations and data evaluations for Hygieneering clients looking to improve and evaluate dust emissions from their operations or site. At the state level, 35 Illinois Admin. Code Section 212 addresses emissions of particulate matter. The only standard applicable to fugitive emissions of particulate matter from this source are found at 35 IAC 212.301, which states: “No person shall cause or allow the emission of fugitive particulate matter from any process, including any material handling or storage activity, which is visible by an observer looking generally toward the zenith at a point beyond the property line of the source.” Hygieneering conducts visual observations while onsite to comply with this code. Conducting the fugitive dust study involves the use of TSI DustTrak DRX weather-resistant enclosures that are set to data log for 24-hour periods, particulate matter size 2.5 and 10, as used by the USEPA for National Ambient Air Quality Standards. The DustTrak DRX units provide real-time dust monitoring that simultaneously measures both mass and size fraction. The DustTrak DRX monitor uses light-scattering laser photometers that provide real-time aerosol mass readings and data logs. The instruments subdivide the concentration of dust by particle size with the following breakdown: Total, PM 10, Respirable, PM 2.5, and PM 1. Hygieneering can also conduct ambient air monitoring for respirable crystalline silica including all three (3) forms (quartz, cristobalite, tridymite) using active sampling methods for 8-hour periods to determine if silica dust is present, and leaving the site, per clients request. Other requests include the use of weather stations that can collect, rainfall amount, temperature, and most important wind speed and direction during the sampling periods. Typically, two (2) to four (4) dust monitoring enclosures are set up around the property line and monitored over several days, during dry periods with little to no rain, to get representative data collection for this type of study. Hygieneering has been assisting with dust monitoring with clients in many industries including mining, construction, general industry, and even in healthcare during renovation projects. If you have a demolition project, renovation work, or need to assess your operations fugitive dust emissions, this type of study may be valuable for your company.
OSHA PSM/RMP Program
Hygieneering was recently awarded a project, at a cheese processing plant in Wisconsin, to develop a full Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) 29 CFR 1910.119 Process Safety Management (PSM) and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 40 CFR part 68 Risk Management Plan program. This plant in Wisconsin has a refrigeration system that contains more than 10,000 pounds of anhydrous ammonia and they must comply with OSHA’s Process Safety Management and EPA’s Risk Management Plan regulations. Our services to this client included: • Developing a site-specific PSM/RMP Management program that covered the elements of PSM/RMP • Assistance in the development and compilation of process safety information (PSI) for the process • Conducting a process hazard analysis (PHA) • Developing standard operating procedures / technical operating specifications for process equipment • Development of mechanical integrity testing • Inspection and maintenance procedures • Filing a Chemical Security Assessment Tool (CSAT) Top-Screen Survey Application • Preparing offsite consequence analysis reports • Submitting proper information to the EPA Hygieneering’s diverse professional staff has assisted in keeping clients that have chemicals meeting the threshold quantities established by OSHA and EPA within compliance with these regulations applicable to their processes and keeping their workplace safe for their employees.
Standardization & Integration Services for Company Mergers and Acquisitions
With the influx of company mergers, acquisitions, and sales, Hygieneering has been providing services to standardize and integrate existing environmental health and safety programs from one company’s system to their new standard. Hygieneering has assisted clients in various sectors, including manufacturing, trades, food products and processing, healthcare, and academic. Some of the services that Hygieneering has performed are as follows: • Consolidation of lockout tagout procedures, merging existing procedures onto a new platform. • Populating new forms and permit forms for confined space entry procedures and tasks. • Performing gap assessments at recently acquired facilities to identify potential non-compliance with corporate or authority having jurisdiction standards. • Reviewing training records of facilities to identify any deficiencies and providing a training curriculum to the client to address these needs. • Assist in developing a new corporate Environmental Health & Safety manual for the company and all facilities to follow. Hygieneering’s diverse professional staff has assisted in keeping clients within compliance with regulations applicable to their processes and keeping their workplace safe for employees.
Natural Gas Leak
Hygieneering responded to a call from a client with a concern about a gas leak at their facility. The fire department had previously cleared the scene of any immediate threat; however, did detect a minor leak. The client requested assistance with determining the source. Hygieneering, with the support of gas monitoring equipment from a local fire department, responded to the scene with two field technicians to start the investigation. A walkthrough of the facility was conducted, collecting measurements throughout. Hygieneering walked the natural gas lines throughout the building and rooftop in search of potential leaks. The area where the highest concentrations were detected previously by the fire department was re-visited and further investigated. As elevated concentrations in this area remained, the source could not be immediately determined. After further investigation, Hygieneering determined that the source of the natural gas leak was a faulty regulator from a hot water heater, that was located in a chemical storage room adjacent to the originally identified area of concern. Once determined, the facility engineering crew turned off the gas to the location and repairs are underway.
COVID-19 OSHA Respiratory Protection Program Compliance for Local Chicago Area School Districts
Hygieneering has recently completed projects assisting several local Chicago area school districts with reviewing and developing their Respiratory Protection Programs (RPP’s) in compliance with COVID-19 guidelines as it relates to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) 29 CFR 1910.134 and guidance protocol established by the Center for Disease Control (CDC) and the Illinois Association of School Boards (IASBO). Hygieneering helped each district (who are already in or preparing to start “in-session” learning) to comply with applicable OSHA requirements by: • Updating and/or creating their required written RPP program • Training the affected employees who were required to wear respirators • Conducting Qualitative respirator fit testing – for all essential staff that needed to wear N-95 respirators • Performing school district staff medical evaluations – By a Licensed Health Care Professional • Assisting in the review of who was classified as essential/critical staff and volunteer staff • Providing the required comprehensive compliance documentation for district records Hygieneering was able to bring everything necessary for compliance with training, medical evaluations, and fit testing requirements to each district so their staff did not lose valuable time preparing for the school year.
Permit-Required Confined Space Program & Training Assistance
Hygieneering recently assisted a client in the Chicagoland area with various tasks related to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) 29 CFR 1910.146 “Permit-Required Confined Spaces” regulation. These tasks included performing a site assessment of the silos the client enters for cleaning purposes, developing a written site-specific permit-required confined space management program/permit system, developing and delivering site-specific permit confined space entry/non-entry rescue training to affected employees, as well providing train-the-trainer training to designated client representatives whom will train future affected employees.
NFPA Emergency Exit Door Compliance
Hygieneering assisted a warehouse client with an emergency exit door assessment. The client was made aware of deficiencies with a portion of the Exit doors during a recent audit, and Hygieneering was able to assist the client with recommendations to bring the doors up to meeting NFPA requirements. Hygieneering performed a site walkthrough, which included photos and interviews with key personnel, and provided a report summarizing where the specific deficiencies were noted and the corresponding NFPA guidance to make the improvements.
Review of Energy Control Procedures
Hygieneering recently assisted one of our food manufacturing clients with the periodic inspection of their energy control procedures to ensure the procedures were up-to-date and the requirements of OSHA 1910.147 lockout/tagout regulation were being followed by authorized and/or affected employees. Periodic inspections of energy control procedures must be performed at least once a year to evaluate their continued effectiveness and determine the necessity for updating the written procedures. Periodic inspections must also include a review of all your specific energy control procedures with all authorized and/or affected employees who are involved in lockout/tagout. Periodic inspections help to ensure that your energy control procedures are up-to-date, effective, and are being used properly. These inspections should also let you know if your employees are familiar with their responsibilities and how to fix any inadequacies in your procedures and work practices. The results of the inspections can help you target training needs for employees.
Facility Infectious Disease Preparedness and Response Plan Review
Hygieneering assisted an “essential business” manufacturing client with assessing their conditions in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. This included providing assistance with worker risk assessments and assessments of workplace controls while using guidance from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). This assessment was an important part of our client’s ability to effectively continue business operations while keeping employees safe from transmitting the virus throughout the workforce. Some of the tasks performed included observations of the social distancing measures in place, the use of face covers and masks by personnel, employee education and training about the transmission of the virus, workplace controls such as barriers between workstations, and ill employee response plans. Hygieneering provided our client with a written report to detail the measures taken, and document recommendations for continued safe work operations, as they relate to COVID-19.
COVID-19 Support Services
Hygieneering has recently been contracted to provide Qualitative Respiratory Fit-Testing and Training for healthcare providers operating COVID-19 drive-thru testing centers for community members who have a fever combined with either a cough or shortness of breath or who have been in contact with someone with known COVID-19 exposure and are experiencing any of the symptoms: fever, cough or shortness of breath. Hygieneering has been performing Qualitative and Quantitative Respiratory Fit-Testing and Training for our clients for many years in various industries. Hygieneering is proud to be able to provide healthcare professionals with this needed service to ensure their safety and health as they serve our community.
Construction Safety & Health Professionals
Hygieneering has been engaged by the interior wall and facade glazing subcontractor working on the New Wanda Vista Tower in Chicago for over a year to oversee and manage safety and health for their 100+ employees on the jobsite. Hygieneering’s scope of work includes; performing daily walkthroughs of the site to assist in identifying and eliminating unsafe work practices and conditions, tracking safety action items to completion, performing employee communication and training, assisting with incident investigations, and preparing a weekly summary for top management that includes site audit findings and photos.
Monthly Safety Inspections & Meetings
Hygieneering is currently working with several clients providing monthly services that include a facility safety inspection for unsafe acts and conditions, leading the client’s safety committee meeting, and providing safety training. Hygieneering’s monthly deliverable to our clients includes a report of findings and recommendations from our facility inspection that includes pictures of the unsafe act or condition observed, meeting minutes from the safety committee meeting, as well as training certificates for safety training performed. Hygieneering can customize a program similar to this approach to meet your specific needs, whether you are a small or large employer.
Industrial Hygiene Air Monitoring for Lead & Respirable Crystalline Silica
Hygieneering, Inc. just recently provided professional industrial hygiene air monitoring for lead and respirable crystalline silica for one of our utility clients. The air sampling was conducted in order to assist in evaluating area and employee exposure to lead and respirable crystalline silica while performing removal of rust packs, needle gun surface cleaning, scraping of lead paint, and clean-up tasks specific to their Bridge Repair Program. The air sampling was conducted to document employee exposure levels relative to Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA) time weighted average (TWA) Action Level (AL) and permissible exposure limit (PEL) under OSHA 29 Code of Federal Regulation (CFR) 1926.62 “Lead” Standard and 29 CFR 1926.1153 “Respirable Crystalline Silica”. Engineering controls during the bridge repair activities were reviewed to ensure adequate protection for the workers and adjacent outside areas. Air sample results were compared against the applicable OSHA Standards to establish whether workers were wearing appropriate PPE for the activities that they were performing.
OSHA Side-By-Side Industrial Hygiene Sampling
Hygieneering, Inc. recently performed OSHA Side-By-Side industrial hygiene sampling for one of our manufacturing clients. Hygieneering advised our client to insist that OSHA provide sufficient advance notice regarding the specific industrial hygiene sampling OSHA planned to perform so a competent industrial hygienist could perform Side-By-Side industrial hygiene sampling. Full shift personal air samples were collected for various welding fumes and hexavalent chromium. Surface wipes samples were also collected for hexavalent chromium within the eating and drinking areas. If an employer doesn’t collect its own samples, the employer will be hard-pressed later to challenge OSHA’s potentially flawed technical analyses. Where exposure to toxic substances is involved, sampling results are often the basis for significant citations. Such citations may require costly corrective measures to reduce impermissible exposures. The employer should insist that OSHA provide sufficient advance notice of industrial hygiene sampling so competent personnel can perform Side-By-Side industrial hygiene sampling, which allows the employer to challenge defective samples taken by OSHA.
Lockout Tagout Program Implementation - Commercial Client
Hygieneering assisted our commercial client with compliance of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) 29 CFR 1910.147 “The Control of Hazardous Energy Lockout/Tagout)” Standard. This food industry client expanded operations that included numerous pieces of processing and building operation equipment that required equipment specific lockout tagout procedures. Our scope of services included the following: • Performed a comprehensive assessment of each machine/piece of equipment that required an energy control procedure to identify hazardous energy sources, energy isolation points, hazards, specific lockout/tagout sequences, etc. • Provided example template procedures that we have used to develop procedures for other clients, for reference purposes. We worked with the client to customize the energy control procedure to meet their specific needs. • Took digital photos of each energy isolation point for each machine/piece of equipment and incorporate these photos into written energy control procedures, as applicable. • Reviewed the energy control procedures with the client to ensure each procedure is verified for accuracy by a designated client representative. • Provided a manual that contains the final equipment-specific energy control procedures and the sign off sheet that verifies each energy control procedure has been reviewed for accuracy. In summary, hundreds of ESLPs were prepared successfully and put into action.
Healthcare Setting Hazardous Drug Wipe Sampling in Support of USP 800
The Hygieneering Industrial Hygiene Department has been conducting wipe sampling for hazardous drugs (HDs) in various healthcare settings in support of the USP 800 in December 2019. Environmental wipe sampling is conducted for some common marker HDs that can be assayed include cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, methotrexate, fluorouracil, and others in order to evaluate HD containment and associated work practices. Common areas of concern are oncology departments and pharmacies but can be anywhere HDs are stored and used. Contact Hygieneering if you need assistance in setting up a proactive sampling strategy to assist in evaluating potential HD contamination in your work setting.
OSHA Process Safety Management (PSM)/Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Risk Management Plan (RMP) 3-Year Compliance Audit Report
Hygieneering recently completed a PSM audit for one of our industrial refrigeration clients with approximately 30,000 pounds of anhydrous ammonia at their facility. The focus of the project was to assist in identifying and managing the liabilities associated with highly hazardous chemicals, as defined by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) 29 CFR 1910.119, Process Safety Management of Highly Hazardous Chemicals regulation as well as the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 40 CFR 68 “Risk Management Plan” regulation. Hygieneering’s role was to: • Review existing PSM/RMP program to determine the overall effectiveness and to verify that procedures and practices covered under the standard are compliant. • Satisfy OSHA's 29 CFR 1910.119 and EPAs 40 CFR 68 requirements to periodically evaluate the effectiveness of the PSM/RMP programs at a minimum of three (3) years. • Conduct interviews with employees and management to determine knowledge of the current PSM/RMP programs. • Conduct a walkthrough of the facility to determine compliance with current PSM/RMP program elements. • Assist in identifying and managing the liabilities associated with PSM/RMP in the facility. • Provide recommendations based on audit findings and observations. In the end, the findings indicated an overall positive and proactive attitude towards safety and health by management as well as by employees regarding PSM/RMP. However, minor deficiencies were noted in various elements of the PSM/RMP program and were provided with corrective recommendations to the client.
New Product Safety Review
New Product Safety Review One of our larger hospital facility clients was in the process of rolling out a new disinfectant cleaner used as a surface wipe in the pharmacy. There were some odor complaints and general health concerns voiced by the staff using the new disinfecting agent product. Hygieneering’s role involved meeting with the stakeholders, reviewing the product safety data sheet for chemical components, designing and implementing an air sampling strategy/risk assessment and providing recommendations. Following the SDS and operational review, this project was conducted to quantify the potential employee exposure to acetic acid, hydrogen peroxide and peroxyacetic acid during operations requiring use of the new cleaner pharmacy areas. This sampling was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of current work practices and engineering controls in keeping exposures of acetic acid, hydrogen peroxide and peroxyacetic acid below recognized occupational exposure limits (OELs). The resulting data showed that even though the laboratory results indicated low levels of contaminants, well below occupational exposure limits. However, it also clearly showed that levels of acetic acid were present at levels well above the odor threshold and the type of odor was consistent with acetic acid. The situation was considered a nuisance odor situation and not a health hazard. Based on the observations and results of this assessment, many recommendations were provided to the client in the following categories: • Proper respiratory selection and use to assist in the odor situation • Use of local exhaust ventilation to control at the point of cleaning tasks • Location selection of bin cleaning to a more remote/airflow-controlled location • OSHA compliance related recommendations for the sampling conducted
OSHA Process Safety Management (PSM)/Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Risk Management Plan (RMP) 3-Year Compliance Audit Report
Hygieneering recently completed a PSM audit for one of our industrial refrigeration clients with approximately 30,000 pounds of anhydrous ammonia at their facility. The focus of the project was to assist in identifying and managing the liabilities associated with highly hazardous chemicals, as defined by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) 29 CFR 1910.119, Process Safety Management of Highly Hazardous Chemicals regulation as well as the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 40 CFR 68 “Risk Management Plan” regulation. Hygieneering’s role was to: • Review existing PSM/RMP program to determine the overall effectiveness and to verify that procedures and practices covered under the standard are compliant. • Satisfy OSHA's 29 CFR 1910.119 and EPAs 40 CFR 68 requirements to periodically evaluate the effectiveness of the PSM/RMP programs at a minimum of three (3) years. • Conduct interviews with employees and management to determine knowledge of the current PSM/RMP programs. • Conduct a walkthrough of the facility to determine compliance with current PSM/RMP program elements. • Assist in identifying and managing the liabilities associated with PSM/RMP in the facility. • Provide recommendations based on audit findings and observations. In the end, the findings indicated an overall positive and proactive attitude towards safety and health by management as well as by employees regarding PSM/RMP. However, minor deficiencies were noted in various elements of the PSM/RMP program and were provided with corrective recommendations to the client.
Occupational Exposure Monitoring in the Healthcare Environment
Hygieneering recently completed annual occupational exposure monitoring for 2 of our healthcare clients. In these environments there are many potential contaminants that healthcare workers may be exposed to in their normal duties. Our staff of industrial hygienists provided on-site worker exposure monitoring for the following contaminants: • Formaldehyde • VOCs – acetone, ethyl alcohol and xylene • High-Level Disinfectants (HLD) - o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA), - Glutaraldehyde - Peracetic Acid - Hydrogen Peroxide • Ethylene Oxide (EtO) • Mercury • Waste Anesthetic Gases (WAGS) -sevoflurane and desflurane, and nitrous oxide This work provided our clients with documentation that workers were not exposed above recognized occupational exposure limits and provided documentation for OSHA compliance as well as Joint Commission obligations.
Bi-Lingual Safety Assistance
One of our manufacturing clients with 5 facilities across the US has a Hispanic workforce. Our client was dealing with overall safety program implementation quality and consistency issues across the various facilities. A big part of that was the language barrier with many of the workers. Hygieneering’s service to our client was to provide a bi-lingual safety professional/trainer to assist in the management of the safety program. At each facility on a monthly basis, our bi-lingual safety professional conducted a field safety audit, managed a safety meeting, and provided training on a ‘topic of the month’. In addition, the training materials and associated written programs were provided in Spanish. This is an ongoing program.
OSHA Citation Assistance
Hygieneering recently completed working with one of our food manufacturing clients that had some OSHA Citation issues to be addressed. Our team stepped in with a focused effort to bring many of their health and safety programs into regulatory compliance. Hygieneering developed written OSHA required written management programs and conducted on-site worker training for: • Lockout / Tagout • Confined Space • Hazard Communication • Hearing Conservation • Emergency Action Plan / Emergency Response Plan • Respiratory Protection • Bloodborne Pathogens • Hot Work Permit This project was addressed by placing one of our staff safety professionals on-site for several weeks and also using other staff professionals to focus on other more detailed issues regarding Process Safety Management compliance. We assisted our client with progress updates to OSHA which reduced potential fines.
OSHA Silica Sampling
With the now in effect OSHA general industry 1910.1053 and construction industry 29 CFR 1926.1153 new silica standards, Hygieneering industrial hygienists have been collecting worker personal breathing zone air samples to support compliance efforts for our clients. Full shift respirable air sampling with a cyclone and laboratory analysis for crystalline silica was conducted in all types of environments. Our sampling provided OSHA compliant data to document respiratory protection needs. In addition, we provided work practice and engineering control recommendations to reduce employee exposure to silica.
Healthcare Facility Noise Management During Construction
Hygieneering was engaged to prepare a written Noise Management Program for a hospital undergoing renovations with the work zone directly below the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The intent of the program was to spell out steps to provide additional caution, controls and monitoring that were necessary to protect this fragile hospital population. The plan focused on noise management and noise monitoring protocols as it relates to keeping noise levels at acceptable levels within the NICU areas during the renovation activities. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that sound levels be lower than 45 dBA in NICU areas. This is a challenging level on a day to day basis and even more so during renovation projects. The written program included sections on: • Providing Hospital Management noise monitoring options to manage risk at the desired sound level. • Implemented the practices of ‘quiet demolition’ techniques whenever feasible. • Implementation and incorporation of administrative controls where possible. • Implementing an active noise monitoring and communication program to assist in managing the noise issue during the project. Defining noise monitoring (task-based, spot check and continuous). Using telemetry techniques with auto notifications built in for real-time response to Action Levels. • Instituting swift communication mechanism with affected parties for job shut down if noise levels become unacceptable (i.e.: with pre-established Action Levels and responses). • Ensuring daily communication of work activities planned between the contractor, Project Manager, NICU staff and Hospital safety that monitored the project. • Establish record keeping practices.
Temporary Environmental, Health & Safety Staffing
With the demand for qualified and experienced environmental, health and safety professionals on the rise, Hygieneering clients are reaching out to us to provide Temporary Environmental, Health & Safety professionals. Our Temporary Environmental, Health & Safety Professionals are being contracted to address high priority action items identified by site, corporate or OSHA/EPA inspections. Our Temporary Environmental, Health & Safety Professionals also provide our clients with the time they need to prospect new candidates, knowing their EHS management system is being implemented and maintained by a qualified and experienced professional. Hygieneering is currently providing Temporary Environmental, Health & Safety professionals for petrochemical, aerospace, and food processing companies nationwide.
Construction Site Safety Audits
Hygieneering is under contract to conduct bi-monthly safety audits for a local construction company. Audits include site visits to various worksites each month to assess job site safety conditions, including auditing against OSHA compliance regulations and company-specific safety program requirements. Common topics addressed are fall protection, electrical safety, crane safety, housekeeping, training records, flammable storage, and respiratory protection. For deficiencies identified, Hygieneering works directly with the job site foremen and workers to implement corrective actions and provides a report of findings for the client’s internal tracking and documentation purposes.
OSHA Compliance Air Sampling and Local Exhaust Ventilation System Review at a Specialty Wire Manufacturer
Hygieneering recently conducted an Industrial Hygiene assessment at a client facility that is a distributor of specialty wire and cable. This facility had several high-speed striping machines for painting lines on various gauge wires. This exposure study was conducted as a proactive approach to quantify potential employee exposures to volatile organic compounds (VOC-total hydrocarbons) and the following specific contaminants selected based on products used: acetone, cyclohexanone, methyl ethyl ketone, and toluene. Hygieneering determined the air sampling parameters after reviewing applicable Safety Data Sheets (SDSs) and processes at the facility. A semi-quantitative review of the local exhaust ventilation system (LEV) associated with the striping machines was also conducted. A standard hot wire anemometer was used to gather airflow data. A photoionization detector (PID) was used to pinpoint VOC leak points in the local exhaust ventilation system. The result was that the workers were not overexposed as all personal air sampling results were well less than the corresponding OSHA PELs and the LEV system assessment provided several simple changes to the system to provide more effective VOC control.
OSHA Process Safety Management (PSM)/EPA Risk Management Plan (RMP) Three-year Compliance Audit
Hygieneering recently conducted an OSHA Process Safety Management (PSM) / EPA Risk Management Plan (RMP) three-year compliance audit for a food processing facility. One of the audit findings of non-compliance was that the facility had not developed energy control procedures (lockout / tagout procedures) for the ammonia refrigeration equipment and had not conducted annual reviews of the standard operating procedures (SOPs). As a result of the compliance audit, Hygieneering was engaged to develop the energy control procedures, conduct a review of the SOPs, and make revisions to the SOPs when necessary. In order to develop the energy control procedures thoroughly and accurately, the facility provided a person knowledgeable with the equipment to assist Hygieneering. The final energy control procedures contain detailed steps to de-energize the refrigeration equipment, as well as photos for easy reference. In order to conduct a thorough SOP review, the facility provided up-to-date and accurate process safety information (PSI), to include Piping and Instrument Diagrams (P&IDs). In this scenario, Hygieneering and facility personnel responsible for operation and maintenance of the refrigeration system reviewed the existing SOPs and P&IDs, then made revisions where necessary. In some instances, the P&IDs were “redlined” and provided to the ammonia refrigeration contractor so that necessary changes could be made. In summary, several elements of the OSHA PSM / EPA RMP regulations were addressed during this project to include the following: • Employee Participation – Facility personnel were involved with the SOP review and development of energy control procedures. Attendance sheets were signed by each employee involved in the SOP review and development of energy control procedures. • Annual Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) review and documentation. • Review of Process Safety Information (PSI) and revisions to PSI when required. • Development of Energy Control Procedures (Lockout / Tagout)
Hexavalent Chromium Air Sampling
Hygieneering was engaged by an industrial manufacturer to determine eight (8) hour time weighted average (TWA) exposures for each of their employees exposed to hexavalent chromium by personal breathing zone air samples. The objective of this project was to accurately characterize full shift exposures to hexavalent chromium on each shift, for each job classification, and in each work area. Personal breathing zone air samples for hexavalent chromium were collected using low flow air sampling pumps. The flow rates of the pumps were calibrated at 2.0 liters per minute (lpm) with a preweighed PVC filter in line before, during, and after the sampling period. Personal breathing zone air samples were attached to the breathing zones via tygon tubing from the low flow air sampling pumps. Personal breathing zone air samples were conducted in the workers breathing zone just below the chin, therefore, exposure results did not take into account respiratory protection utilized. All personal breathing zone air samples were analyzed by Modified OSHA ID-215; IC and a laboratory accredited by the American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA). In summary, the results of this assessment assisted our client in determining eight (8) hour time weighted average (TWA) exposure for each of their employees exposed to hexavalent chromium, whether existing engineering, administrative controls, and employee personal protective equipment were adequate, and those provisions under OSHA 29 CFR 1910.1026 that apply to their operations.